P5P

Molecular formula: C8H10NPO6 H2O

Molecular weight: 265.15

CAS#：41468-25-1

Property

P5P is a yellowish yellow white to light yellow crystalline powder, tasteless, slightly soluble in water, almost insoluble in ethanol, acetone, ether, chloromethane, dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution, and turned light red under light. P5P contains a portion of crystalline water with a melting point of 140 to 145℃. Pyridoxal phosphate is formed by the combination of vitamin B6 and phosphate, including pyridoxal, pyridoxine, pyridoxine, present in the body as phosphate esters. Pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxine phosphate can change to each other, both are active types.

Action

1. pyridoxal phosphate in the human body as a coenzyme involved in the body, and is a treatment of drugs, such as: can treat gestational diabetes, tryptophan metabolism deficiency children asthma, Parkinson's syndrome (can promote turn, ammonia transaminase to increase the content of dopamine in the body), epilepsy, etc., more important is pyridoxine phosphate also has anti-cancer effect. In addition to participating in the transamination reaction, pyridoxal phosphate also participates in the metabolism of sugar and internal lipids in the human body, which can regulate the gene expression in the human body.

2. P5P is a derivative of vitamin B6, which is an active form of vitamin B6 involved in multiple metabolic reactions of protein, fat and carbohydrates. Pyridoxal phosphate is the coenzyme of transaminase and decarboxylase in amino acid metabolism, which can promote the decarboxylation of glutamate and promote the generation of γ -aminobutyric acid.γ -Aobutyric acid is an inhibitory neurotransmitter. The All the coenzymes with amino acid aminotransferases are pyridoxal phosphate. By linking amino acids, carbohydrate and fat metabolism; by decarboxylation, a variety of bioactive substances, such as histamine, serotonin, γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA), ethanolamine, hydroxytyramine, taurine, can be generated. Pyridoxal phosphate is also involved in hematopoiesis, which is a coenzyme of δ -amino- γ -ketogentic acid (ALA) synthase. However, ALA synthase is the rate-limiting enzyme for heme synthesis. Pyridoxal phosphate also acts as an important component of the glycogen phosphorylase and participates in the breakdown of glycogen to glucose 1-phosphate. In addition, pyridoxal phosphate also participates in fat metabolism and promotes the growth of leukocytes.

3. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (P5P) -dependent enzymes can catalyze a variety of chemical reactions, such as transammonia, decarboxylation, racemic, divergence, heterogeneity, [3 + 2] cyclization, β / γ elimination or displacement, hydroxyaldehyde addition, Clayson condensation, and O2-dependent oxidation reaction, etc. The reason why PLP-dependent enzyme can play various catalytic functions is mainly because its cofactor P5P can act as an electron trap to stabilize different types of reactive intermediates, thus ensuring the subsequent transformation. Compared with conventional chemical synthesis, PLP-dependent enzymes have significant advantages in chemical region selection and stereoselection. Thus, as biocatalysts, P5P enzymes play an important role in natural product biosynthesis as well as in the asymmetric synthesis of unnatural amino acids and chiral amine drugs. Based on the understanding of the enzymatic mechanism of P5P, P5P enzymes can theoretically catalyze the mannich type (Mannich-type) reaction, which is similar to that of C α -alkylated PLP enzymes such as threonine aldolase and serine hydroxymethyltransferase. In addition, the pyridoxal organic catalyst that catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reactions to prepare α, β -two amino acids also provides a molecular basis for the enzymatic reaction of Mannich. However, the P5P-dependent enzyme catalyzing the Mannich reaction has not been reported to far.

Use

1. Use of health care products: as the active form of vitamin B6 metabolism, it is beneficial to nourish the brain, participate in the synthesis of neural media, participate in more than 100 enzymatic reactions in the body, and improve the utilization rate of cellular magnesium.

2. Pharmaceutical use: it can treat gestational diabetes, asthma with tryptophan metabolism deficiency, Parkinson's syndrome (which can promote transaminase to increase the content of dopamine in the body), epilepsy, etc., more importantly, pyridoxal phosphate also has anti-cancer effect

3. Use of biosynthesis: P5P-dependent enzymes can catalyze a variety of chemical reactions, and at the same time, as a nutrient component of microorganisms, it can increase the activity of microorganisms, improve the conversion rate, and shorten the conversion time.